By Faridat Salifu
Climate finance is at the heart of the global effort to address the climate crisis.
It is not just about financial transactions; it is a commitment to ensuring equity, sustainability, and resilience for those communities most vulnerable to climate change’s devastating effects.
The conversation surrounding climate finance has never been more crucial, as it serves as a foundation for both mitigating climate impacts and rectifying the inequalities that the crisis exacerbates.
The concept of climate finance began to take shape during the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, where the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities.”
This principle acknowledged that developed nations, having contributed the most to global emissions, had an obligation to provide financial support to developing countries, helping them cope with the impacts of climate change and transition to greener economies.
This commitment was reaffirmed in 2009 at COP15 in Copenhagen, where wealthy countries pledged to mobilize $100 billion annually by 2020.
However, this promise remains unmet, with funding still falling short of the target. Initiatives like the Green Climate Fund (GCF), created in 2010, aim to bridge this funding gap, directing resources to countries most in need.
Climate finance is critical in both reducing emissions and building resilience. For mitigation, it supports initiatives like renewable energy projects, energy efficiency upgrades, and reforestation efforts that reduce carbon footprints. On the adaptation side, climate finance strengthens the resilience of vulnerable communities by funding climate-smart agriculture, disaster risk management, and sustainable water practices.
In nations like Kenya, these funds are vital in protecting livelihoods and improving climate resilience.
Furthermore, climate finance is fundamental to climate justice, as it acknowledges the historical responsibility of industrialized nations for the crisis, while directing resources to those who have contributed least but are suffering the most.
The transformative potential of climate finance is immense. Adequate funding enables nations to scale up green technologies, invest in infrastructure, and shield populations from climate-related shocks.
Yet, when financial resources fall short or are difficult to access, the consequences can be catastrophic. Vulnerable communities are left exposed to extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and rising sea levels, deepening poverty and widening inequality.
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Insufficient finance also undermines the fulfillment of basic human rights, including access to clean water, food, and healthcare.
International legal frameworks strongly support the role of climate finance in achieving climate justice. The UNFCCC, established in 1992, specifically calls on developed nations to provide financial assistance to developing countries. The Kyoto Protocol (1997) further reinforced this by emphasizing the need for technology and financial transfers.
Most recently, the Paris Agreement (2015) reaffirmed this commitment in Article 9, highlighting the importance of mobilizing financial resources, with an emphasis on transparency and scalability.
In Kenya, the alignment of national policies with global climate finance commitments is clear.
Climate tion CCAP) outlines Kenya’s strategy for implementing climate finance initiatives that align with both domestic priorities and international obligations.
As COP29 outcomes continue to be analyzed, it’s evident that addressing the gaps in climate finance requires renewed resolve and innovative solutions. Wealthy nations must meet their annual $100 billion pledge to rebuild trust and empower developing countries to take meaningful climate action.
Access to climate finance must be streamlined to ensure that countries like Kenya can efficiently tap into available resources and execute projects that directly benefit local communities.
Beyond traditional financial mechanisms, innovative solutions such as green bonds, blended finance, and carbon markets must be scaled to close the funding gap.
Equally crucial is the need for greater transparency and accountability, ensuring that funds are directed to the most vulnerable populations.
For many nations, including Kenya, climate finance is not just an economic issue—it’s a matter of survival.
The intensifying impacts of climate change make it clear that financial pledges must be translated into real-world action without delay. While some progress has been made, much work remains to ensure that climate finance becomes a true tool of transformation rather than an empty promise.
As we face this critical juncture, all stakeholders have a role to play.
Governments must prioritize climate finance in their policies, international organizations must hold nations accountable for their commitments, and civil society must continue to advocate for justice and equity.
For individuals, the call is clear: support climate-conscious initiatives, demand action from leaders, and remain vigilant in the global fight for climate justice.
The time for empty pledges has passed. It’s now time to align financial flows with the urgency of the climate crisis and the promise of a just and sustainable future.
