By Chisom Ibemere
Oral hygiene is the act or practice of keeping the mouth clean, and free from contamination. It is also the health of the gum, teeth, tongue and the entire system that helps us to speak, smile and chew.
The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Oral Health Status Report (2022) estimated that oral diseases affect close to 3.5 billion people globally, with 3 out of 4 living in middle-income countries. Some of the prevalent oral health diseases that impact our oral health includes: Tooth decay, gum disease, oral cancer, tooth erosion and tooth sensitivity to mention a few.
Tooth decay is the most common oral health challenge, which is also known as cavities or dental caries. It results from the breakdown of tooth enamel by acid produced by bacteria.
Gum disease occurs when Plaque buildup on teeth and gums leading to destruction of gums and Jawbone.
Oral cancer destroys the soft tissue of the mouth, tongue, or throat. The major reason for this is smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and HPV infection.
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Tooth erosion occurs when the structure of the tooth is loss such as the enamel resulting from acid wear. Acidic foods and drinks consumption and also gastric reflux can cause tooth erosion.
Tooth sensitivity occurs when the tooth enamel wears down, exposing the sensitive dentin layer beneath. The common causes of tooth sensitivity include gum recession, tooth brushing too aggressively, and eating acidic or cold foods.
Poor Oral hygiene in Adults and Children can impact the overall health and wellbeing. There are a couple habits and practices if incorporated in our daily living may help alleviate these diseases and keep the oral health in optimal working condition.
Brushing the teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste especially before bed time. Flossing the teeth which will aid in removing plaque and food particles trapped between teeth, preventing tooth decay and gum disease.
Consuming healthy diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products can help prevent tooth decay and gum disease. Limit sugary and acidic foods and drinks intake which causes tooth decay and erosion can help to keep the oral system healthy. Drinking plenty of water helps to rinse away food particles and debris, promoting oral health.
Smoking is risky for the oral health. It causes oral cancer, gum disease, and tooth decay.
Regular visit to the dentist for dental cleanings and check-ups. Practicing good oral hygiene such as Cleaning the tongue, regular change of toothbrush and avoid sharing toothbrushes or other oral equipment.
