9-year Legal Battle in UK: Nigerian Communities Secure Justice Against Shell in Landmark Oil Spill Case

By Femi Akinola

Two Nigerian communities in the oil-rich Niger Delta region, Bille and Ogale, both in Rivers State, have secured a major legal victory against Shell’s Nigerian, a subsidiary Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC).

The victory was recorded against Shell Nigeria in the UK Court of Appeal, as reported by Leigh Day.

The legal action commenced in 2015 at a High Court in the United Kingdom to hold Shell accountable for decades of environmental devastation in the Niger Delta region in the South-South Nigeria caused by oil spills.
The appellate court’s ruling delivered on Friday overturned a controversial decision made by a UK High Court in March that would have created an insurmountable legal hurdle for the plaintiffs.
According to Leigh Day’s report, a law firm committed to claimant-only cases ensuring that individuals have the same access to justice as the UK Government and large corporations.
More than 13,000 residents and indigenes of Bille and Ogale had accused Shell of widespread pollution, claiming that repeated oil spills from the company’s infrastructure contaminated their lands, waterways, and drinking water.

The spills, they alleged, have rendered the land infertile and wiped out fish populations, leaving them unable to farm or fish—their primary sources of income.
Since the case started almost a decade ago, many residents of the two communities have died during the prolonged litigation process.
The communities’ initial victory came in 2021 when the UK Supreme Court ruled that Shell’s parent company could potentially be held liable for environmental damage caused by its Nigerian subsidiary. Despite that ruling, the case has remained bogged down in legal technicalities.
The Court of Appeal’s latest decision marks a critical step toward a full trial, offering hope that the plaintiffs will finally see the case progress. The trial will likely be a landmark in environmental law, with broader implications for how courts around the world handle cases of widespread, multi-source pollution.
The scale of the damage in the Niger Delta has been immense. The Bille and Ogale communities alleged that over 100 oil spills have devastated their farmlands and rivers, destroying ecosystems and contaminating drinking water.
The environmental degradation has been so severe that entire areas of the Niger Delta have become uninhabitable.
Shell has long faced criticism for its operations in the Niger Delta, where frequent oil spills have sparked protests, lawsuits, and international condemnation.
However, the company has always maintained that it is not solely responsible for the pollution in the region, pointing to illegal oil tapping by local actors as a contributing factor.
Critics however argued that Shell has failed to adequately maintain its infrastructure and that its response to environmental disasters is poor.
The UK Court of Appeal decision cleared the way for the case presented by the Bile and Ogale communities of Rivers State to proceed to a full trial, which will likely involve the disclosure of crucial internal Shell documents.